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Species Atlas

MonitorsSpecialist keepers

Lace monitor

Varanus varius · also Tree goanna, Lace goanna, Bell's phase (banded form)

The lace monitor lays its eggs inside active termite mounds, where they incubate right through winter.

Size
up to about 2 m long and 14 kg
Lifespan
over 20 years
Diet
mostly carrion, plus insects, reptiles, small mammals, birds and eggs
Active
diurnal, mainly active from about September to May
Home
forests and woodlands with large trees
Status
Least Concern (IUCN)

Meet the Lace monitor

The lace monitor is one of Australia's largest lizards and the big goanna of eastern forests. Despite its size it is an excellent climber, scaling tree trunks with its long claws and sheltering in tree hollows, under fallen trees or among large rocks.

It can forage up to 3 km in a day and is largely a scavenger, feeding on dead animals as well as insects, reptiles, small mammals, birds and eggs. Around campsites and farms it has learnt to raid rubbish bins and chicken coops.

Females lay an average of about eight eggs in active termite mounds, either on the ground or in trees. The eggs stay inside the mound over winter and hatch some six to seven months later.

Some lace monitors occur in a striking banded form called Bell's phase, with broad yellow-brown and black bands, living alongside normally coloured animals. Research at the University of Melbourne reported in 2005 found that lace monitor bites can cause rapid swelling, local disruption of blood clotting and shooting pain, adding to evidence that monitors have venom.

Where it lives

Eastern Australia from Cape York Peninsula in Queensland through New South Wales and Victoria to south-eastern South Australia. Found in forests and woodlands, and often around picnic grounds and campsites.

Its place in Australian culture

First Nations connections

In Wiradjuri language of central New South Wales the goanna is gugaa, which Wiradjuri Elder Robert Clegg describes as a symbol connecting all Wiradjuri peoples.

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander knowledge belongs to its custodians. We only share what has been made public, and we encourage hearing stories from Traditional Owners on Country.

Australian story

Lace monitors are a familiar, sometimes cheeky sight at bush picnic grounds and campsites in eastern Australia, where they scavenge for scraps. Their lineage is thought to have diverged from that of the Komodo dragon about 13 million years ago.

Fun facts

  1. It lays its eggs inside termite mounds.
  2. It can grow to about 2 m long.
  3. It can forage up to 3 km in a day.
  4. Some individuals have a boldly banded colour form known as Bell's phase.
  5. It can live for more than 20 years.
Specialist keepers

Can you keep one?

Lace monitors are kept only by experienced keepers under some state licences because of their large size and strength; check your state wildlife authority.

Planning a home for one? We hand-build custom backdrops, hides and ledges for Australian species.

Plan a habitat

For fans of the Lace monitor

Compact binoculars

Forest wildlife watching

Lace monitors often climb high into trees, where binoculars help you see their lacy pattern.

See options on Amazon AU

Cogger Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia

Serious reptile enthusiasts

The standard reference for identifying Australian monitors and their colour forms.

See options on Amazon AU

Lockable camp food storage box

Camping in goanna country

Keeping food secured stops lace monitors learning to raid campsites.

See options on Amazon AU

Questions people ask

Are lace monitors dangerous?

They are not aggressive if left alone, but their bites can cause rapid swelling, bleeding and pain, so never feed or handle them.

How big do lace monitors get?

Lace monitors can reach about 2 m long and weigh up to around 14 kg.

Why do lace monitors lay eggs in termite mounds?

Females lay in active termite nests on the ground or in trees, and the eggs stay inside through the long incubation of six to seven months over winter.

Meet more natives

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General information for Australian keepers, not veterinary advice. As an Amazon Associate, Oddball Animal Works earns from qualifying purchases. It never changes your price. About our links

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